McDonalds and Hindu Culture Essays

McDonalds and Hindu Culture Essays McDonalds and Hindu Culture Paper McDonalds and Hindu Culture Paper For a great many years, Indias Hindu culture has loved the dairy animals. Somewhere in the range of 300 million of these creatures meander India, untethered, respected as hallowed suppliers. They are wherever all over the place, that is, aside from on your plate, as Hindus don't eat the meat of the holy relic. (Worldwide Business, Pg125) The setting of the cow on a platform is a worth that is one of a kind to the Indian culture. Qualities and standards are the focal parts of a culture. Qualities are theoretical standards about what a general public accepts to be acceptable, right, and alluring. (Pg. 705) Norms are social standards and rules that recommend fitting conduct specifically circumstances. (Pg. 702) Because the worth frameworks of various strict and moral frameworks have various ramifications, enterprises trying to lead business in have nations must adjust to the way of life and standards of the host society. Much of the time business practice of When in Rome, isn't a worthy practice. Moral Dilemma A couple of the moral difficulties McDonalds confronted, are as yet confronting, manage religion and the negligence for creature government assistance in the Indian Culture. The World Health Organization has distinguished heftiness as a worldwide issue, refering to the disturbing measurement that more than 300 million individuals are currently hefty. The normal day by day diet has likewise experienced enormous change, with all countries joining on a tight eating routine high in meat, dairy items, and prepared sugars. Corresponding near an overall ascent in luxuriousness, the new worldwide eating routine isn't really an advantageous pattern, as it can build the danger of corpulence and diabetes. Presently saw as a worldwide wellbeing danger, weight has been named globesity by the World Health Organization. (www.britannica.com) The bottommost moral issue depends on various social works on with respect to social equalization, McDonalds knew that they were falsely covering the presence of a meat based seasoning in the oil used to cook its French fries. Accordingly, it was not permitting the Indian buyer to respect its principle of not devouring meat items. Further, as a local to India, the all inclusive perceived symbol, Big Mac is inverse the conviction that the bovine is sacrosanct. How might one help an organization that was established on the maltreatment of a nations strict scripture? Evaluation of the countrys methodology engaged with the Dilemma. The United States of America was at the focal point of the McDonalds issue. Not exclusively were our countrys morals being investigated, so to be our western culture. As of late various claims have been documented against the partnership, as some have attempted to accuse their weight for the utilization of McDonalds inexpensive food. As a reality, a few non-administrative associations, for example, The World Health Organization, have focused on McDonalds for rehashed analysis and dissent. As globesity has gotten a world - wide reality, the individuals of the nation of India would ill be able to bear to help any semblance of McDonalds, and other universal diners? Not on the grounds that they are fat, for they experience the ill effects of different types of lack of healthy sustenance, which is additionally featured by its capacity to give satisfactory access to medicinal services. To show, the Indian government gives human services to its whole individuals. In any case, the quantity of specialists midpoints out to 1 for each 2000 residents. Further declining is the way that the normal resident wins 12,000 Rupees for each year, which is generally what could be compared to $250 U.S. dollars. This implies while medical clinics exist, the normal resident can't bear the cost of the private heath care. (www.britannica.com) Distinction if the exchange affiliation didn't exist If the exchange affiliation didn't exist then the moral predicaments McDonalds is confronting would not have been a worldwide issue. The exchange affiliation has achieved a lot of principles that ought to be utilized as a guide while working together abroad. On the off chance that the exchange affiliation didn't exist there would be no guide therefore permitting organizations to partake in dishonest practices. The exercises Globalization advocates raised McDonalds corporate obligation report states, At McDonalds, fulfilling clients is the thing that our business is about. What's more, we realize it takes a great deal to get that going. We make a solid effort to furnish each client with a selection of dinners and an encounter that surpasses their desires. In any case, that is just part the story. At the point when you get through our entryways and look past the front counter, theres an organization and a framework devoted to procuring your trust. What's more, regardless of whether its called great corporate citizenship or social obligation, we pay attention to our promise to leading our business such that regards our general surroundings and the issues that issue most to you. (www. McDonalds. Com) As an organization, I trust McDonalds has not educated a significant exercise. The organization must discover that the advantages to address the moral issues far exceed the advantage of overlooking them. The partnership is worried about the all important greenback, and knows that the situation in India had little effect on it long haul plans. To outline, the organization hopes to open another 80 eateries in India continuously 2005. What a case of giving the individuals what they need! In addition, McDonalds knows that the Indian buyer will keep on permitting their youngsters to devour the item, for it is noticed that they need their kids to appreciate the American experience. (Worldwide Business, pg. 125) Since the American experience is significant to numerous local Indians, we should expect that the movement is worthy. I deviate; in what capacity can the normal resident manage the cost of McDonalds on and yearly compensation of $250. Envision this; a group of four burns through $10 dollars to encounter the American experience. In view of a yearly pay of $250, this is around 10 percent of the family pay. Activity that ought to be taken The moral quandary may truly be about McDonalds feeling on what it comprises as a healthy food substitute. Notwithstanding what the organization thinks, theyâ must contribute time and assets to guarantee the individuals of India that their items are liberated from hamburger and its results. The appropriate responses lie with the topic of, whose morals do you use in universal business? The appropriate response is your qualities, yet you can't compel your qualities on the networks and societies of different nations. Noted ethicist Thomas Donaldson calls attention to that the regard of center human qualities must be the beginning stage and once the beginning stage is guaranteed organizations should likewise regard the neighborhood culture. (Worldwide Business, Pg 121) Case Discussion Questionsâ 1. What exercises does the experience of the McDonalds in India hold for other inexpensive food chains and retail stores? Several non-administrative associations, for example, The World Health Organization, have focused on McDonalds for rehashed analysis and dissent. The dissent could have been maintained a strategic distance from by discharging most extreme data with respect to its food items. I am almost certain that the Official at McDonalds realized that it item contained meat side-effects. Similarly as they need to completely uncover this kind of data in the USA, they should apply a similar standard on outside soils. On the off chance that it had not been for the three Indian patriot, living in the USA documenting suit, at that point the joke would have proceeded. 2. Is there anything that McDonalds could have improved set itself up for the antagonistic exposure related with the disclosure that it utilized hamburger separate in its browning oil? McDonalds ought to have anticipated that the aftermath should contact the individuals of India. In this manner, they ought to have started harm control. This incorporates making a proper conciliatory sentiment, completely uncovering all realities in regards to the disparity, and offering some type of remuneration, which could incorporate a proposal of limited food costs 3. How far should a firm, for example, McDonalds go in limiting its item to represent social contrasts? Eventually, might it not lose an advantage? Firms can't adopt the ethnocentric strategy while building up new business on remote soil. Probably the greatest issue confronting an organization that goes worldwide just because is the risk of not being educated. Working together in another culture necessitates that the organization adjust to the way of life esteems and standards. All things considered, they should venture to utilize nearby providers, utilize neighborhood residents, and move a portion of the official capacity to the individuals of the host nation. References Slope, Charles W.L. Worldwide Business. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005: britannica.com

Consumers Take a Shine to Apple Inc. Essay

Apple returned from close to termination to get one of the most adored innovation organizations in ongoing memory. They accomplished this status by creating inventive plan items and pushing the constraints of their advertising ability. Apple is known for their capacity to tune in to customers and change showcase fragments by giving current plan loaded and include rich options in contrast to the objective markets. They utilize procedures that may repudiate typical show by keeping their costs high to assemble a brand picture of notoriety and advance their items through verbal. The effect on advertising is tremendously perceptible by different organizations sticking to this same pattern with store models looking like Apple stores. Key Marketing Issues 1. Distinguish Trends †Apple fabricated its business by perceiving patterns for the ditial shopper. As Apple items proceed to age and become soaked in the market they should hope to reveal the following huge â€Å"it† item to mark as their own. 2. War with Competitors †Apple holds numerous licenses on programming and equipment that contenders copy to put up items for sale to the public. With the convoluted war between organizations Samsung and Apple arriving at the majority, individuals begin to favor one side and slander Apple. Apple must learn walk the scarcely discernible difference of securing it’s licensed innovation without being viewed as the large corporate element that assaults each other organization that attempts to enter the market. 3. Advancement †Apple’s center items have appreciated to a great extent rave audits and colossal benefits, however the objective market is beginning to feel that Apple items are not as progressive as in the past. Despite the fact that the processers and screen quality keep on rising, the need to overhaul or purchase another rendition of a similar item is melting away in consumer’s minds. Apple can't dismiss this and keep on clarifying the advantages of its items to buyers. 4. Recollect Customers old and new-Apple is known for unrivaled client care. They should keep on pampering new customersâ to manufacture their steadfastness without estranging the early adopters and at this point prepared clients. The imaginative client care model must be supported to guarantee the upper hand isn't lost. Individual Case Analysis I discovered that Apple is a juggernaut with regards to their mechanical items and showcasing objectives. Apple centers around the necessities of customer’s light a very long time in front of their opposition and even before most buyers have acknowledged they need Apple’s items. Through their imaginative advertising including online networking, informal, Apple Stores they have persuaded shoppers about the high estimation of their item in any event, loaning to the development of a â€Å"Mac cult† for its diehard fans. The path ahead for Apple isn't to dismiss its image dedication and keep on overhauling the clients and lure them with the brand’s esteem. Indeed, even with the demise of Steve Jobs, I trust Apple continue onward to separate itself from the business sectors they are in. Case Questions 1-How has Apple actualized the promoting idea? Apple actualized the promoting idea by concentrating on customers’ needs through creative mind, structure, and development making an enthusiastic brand for its clients. Despite the fact that Apple is an innovative organization it adopts a humanistic strategy to fulfilling the necessities of its clients much better than the opposition. 2-Describe the job of Apple stores as a significant piece of it’s advertising procedure? Apple stores permit clients to associate with physical items and find the organizations plan language while getting human collaboration to improve their experience. Clients who come into a store learn firsthand the immense range of Apple items and the simplicity of network. 3-What will Apple need to do to keep up item development and client reliability? With the end goal for Apple to keep up it’s item advancement it should shun complex expansion into different fields and keep on concentrating on conveying the most better items than the market. Mac is predominant in invigorating their product offerings each couple of years and should refresh Ipods, Imacs, and Ipads habitually as processers and plans age. For Apple to proceed with client unwaveringness it must not estrange or lessen backing and help to their clients. The sympathetic organization alongside its representatives is a worth added understanding to the clients. Ends Apple is a powerful American rebound story. From the edge of indefinite quality it was spared by the very man which made it. Through its development, Apple had the option to create inventive items and carry them to the market with style. The showcasing juggernaut concentrated on the promoting idea continually keeping its eyes on the client. Apple must keep on advancing to changing markets and retool promoting techniques as it contends in key businesses Works Cited Moorman, Christine, â€Å"Why Apple is incredible marketer†, Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/destinations/christinemoorman/2012/07/10/why-apple-is-an extraordinary advertiser/

The Greek Way

The Greek Way DID YOU KNOW? MIT developed the first college undergraduate programs in Chemical Engineering, Aeronautical Engineering, and Nuclear Engineering. Today I decided to do start doing things the Greek way as I was inducted or inaugurated or initiated or something into the MIT chapter of Tau Beta Pi, the national engineering honor society. I dont know what they actually called the ceremony, but it used the word covenant enough times to make me a little bit uncomfortable. Now, TBP isnt anything like one of MITs 27 fraternities or 5 sororities, but I still had to sign a non-hazing agreement, which also made me a little bit uncomfortable. MIT is actually quite strict about hazing; if they catch you doing anything even as bad as throwing a freshman into a shower the night before the first 8.01 exam, theyll excommunicate you from MIT, lock you in a pillory, and melt the key MITs nuclear reactor. Of course, Im totally forbidden to tell you anything about what the ceremony involved such that it necessitated this non-hazing agreement, but you can use your imagination as to the kind of requirements for initiation that an engineering honor society might have. Or, you know, just look at this PDF. After the ceremony we had elections. It took us 2 hours and 15 minutes to elect 16 positions. Why? Because it is important. TBP does some really cool stuff on campus like Leonardo Dinners with the faculty, an Engineering Day to teach area high school students about engineering majors (do you know what an engineer is, really?), and a career fair, which is the main reason that Tau Beta Pi is one of the three most affluent student groups on campus. At the end I finally decided to volunteer for social chair because it had gone unfulfilled for so long, and holding this position lets you go to all the social events that you plan for free. My goal is thus to plan the most extravagant and self-serving social events I can conceive for the chapter in the coming year. After dinner we headed down to Maggianos Little Italy in Bostona trip made in a mere four T stops, which was especially nice considering the AccuWeather RealFeel

Meaning of Over There, The Famous World War I Song

The song Over There was one of the most famous songs of World War I. Over There proved to be an inspiration both to the young men who were being sent to fight the war as well as to those on the home front who worried about their loved ones. The Meaning Behind the Lyrics On the morning of April 6, 1917, newspaper headlines across America announced the news that the United States had declared war on Germany. While most people who read the newspaper headlines that morning tried to comprehend how their lives were going to change, one man started humming. That may seem like an odd reaction to most people, but not for George M. Cohan. George Cohan was an actor, singer, dancer, songwriter, playwright, and Broadway producer who had composed hundreds of songs, including such famous songs as â€Å"Youre a Grand Old Flag,† â€Å"Marys a Grand Old Name,† Lifes a Funny Proposition After All, â€Å"Give My Regards to Broadway,† and â€Å"Im a Yankee Doodle Dandy.† So it is perhaps not completely surprising that Cohans reaction to reading the headlines that morning was to hum, but few might have expected Cohans humming to be the start of a very popular song. Cohan continued to hum all morning and soon began to compose a few lyrics. By the time Cohan arrived at work that morning, he already had the verses, chorus, tune, and title of what became the very popular Over There. Over There was an instant success, selling over 2 million copies by the end of the war. Perhaps the most popular version of Over There was sung by Nora Bayes, but Enrico Caruso and Billy Murray sang beautiful renditions as well. The song Over There is about the Yanks (the Americans) going over there (across the Atlantic) to help fight the Huns (what the Americans called the Germans at the time) during World War I. In 1936, Cohan was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for writing the song, and it experienced a revival in World War II when the United States again faced Germany in war. Lyrics to Over There Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your gunTake it on the run, on the run, on the runHear them calling you and meEvery son of liberty Hurry right away, no delay, go todayMake your daddy glad to have had such a ladTell your sweetheart not to pineTo be proud her boys in line. CHORUS (repeated twice):Over there, over thereSend the word, send the word over thereThat the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are comingThe drums are rum-tumming everywhere So prepare, say a prayerSend the word, send the word to bewareWell be over there, were coming overAnd we wont come back till its over over there.Over there. Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your gunJohnnie show the Hun youre a son of a gunHoist the flag and let her flyYankee Doodle do or die Pack your little kit, show your grit, do your bitYankees to the ranks from the towns and the tanksMake your mother proud of youAnd the old Red White and Blue. CHORUS (repeated twice):Over there, over thereSend the word, send the word over thereThat the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are comingThe drums are rum-tumming everywhere So prepare, say a prayerSend the word, send the word to bewareWell be over there, were coming overAnd we wont come back till its over over there.Over there.

The Most Important Thing Of Communication Is Hearing What...

The most important thing in communication is hearing what isn?t said. -Peter F.Drucker Ruzan Abu Sadah School of Communication Cleveland State University Nonverbal communication is one of the most paradoxical areas of personal and organizational life. Due to that, it has a crucial role in improving organization communication between managers and coworkers. (RT Moran, 2014) state that 75% of managers? time is spent communicating either verbally or non-verbally, which indicates importance for exploration into how communication is used in the workplace. In addition, employees need to comprehend and master the non-verbal communication since it?s an essential part of working environment, especially while interacting with their managers or coworkers. Moreover, understanding non-verbal communication can contribute to the level of satisfaction in the working place. Therefore, one must improve nonverbal communication to receive higher satisfaction ratings in the workplace. The present study examines the direct and indirect effect of managers? and coworkers (man and women, man and man, woman and woman) between Arabs and Americans accuracy in ?reading? non-verbal expressions. A study by (Kristin Byron, 2010) claimed women, rated themselves higher than men in decoding ability and, were perceived by both men and women to as better decoders and encoders of nonverbal cues. Important factors that could improve the perception of nonverbal communication in work organizations are: payingShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Deaf Culture1434 Words   |  6 PagesDeaf culture is a way to start this essay. Most people, when they think of deafness, assume that it is nothing more than a disability. This is erroneous because defining what deaf really means, means looking past the definition and looking into the heart of a deaf person, to see equality among us all. Equality among humans isn t controversial, but what is? Cochlear Implantation is controversial. Inserting an internal disruption of the deaf culture is controversial. Placing an electronic device inRead MoreDeaf : The Deaf Community1299 Words   |  6 Pagestakes the form of birds chirping, people talking, or dogs barking. Every day we wake up to an abundance of sound. Hearing is a part of our senses and what if that was taken from us, or we were born without it? There are many people who have never had the luxury of hearing the sound of music or the voices of their loved ones. It easy to think that having a deaf child or losing your hearing is a tragedy. Cristina Hartmann said, â€Å"Make no mistake: my deafness was no curse. It shaped my perspective ofRead MoreTop Of The Line Hearing Protection941 Words   |  4 Pages3M Peltor WS 100 Communications Headset Review | Top of the Line Hearing Protection In this review I will be taking at a top of the line Bluetooth enabled set of ear protection from 3M called teh Peltor WS 100 Communications Headset. This particular set of headphones is great for sound protection, especially if you re looking for high-quality sound and the ability to engage in person-to-person and phone conversations without having to remove your earmuffs. Quick Review INSERT CHART In-DepthRead Moreteen drug abuse1325 Words   |  6 PagesMore than 60% of teenagers said that drugs were sold, used or kept at their school. Which means more then 60% of children have been around drugs or people who have drugs. What effects could such a thing have on the average canadian family? As defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, drug use is a negative pattern of using a substance that leads to a number of problems, which may include needing more of a drug to get intoxicated, difficulties that occur when the effectsRead MoreThe Role Of Effective Communication And Interpersonal Communication1608 Words   |  7 PagesCommunication in Health and Social  Ã‚   Introduction  Ã‚   In this assignment the tasks given are to explain the role of effective communication and interpersonal, then a discussion on theories of communication and lastly an assessment of the roles of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care with reference to theories of communication.  Ã‚   Communication is the transfer of information using verbal, nonverbal or written, effective communication is important because withoutRead MoreFlashing Lights, Hugs From Strangers, Pounding Of Tables,1589 Words   |  7 Pages Flashing lights, hugs from strangers, pounding of tables, and more await those coming into the Deaf Cultural world. After all, how does one communicate with another who cannot hear? From the perspective of one who grew up in the hearing world, these cultural norms were anything but normal; yet they have become ingrained, almost second nature. Now these are my norms and are part of my world. My journey into Deaf culture started in elementary school while riding the school bus. A friend of mineRead MorePersonal Statement On Communication Skills1331 Words   |  6 PagesMany people are not aware of the communication skills that they lack, most will argue that they have perfect communication skills. Taking interpersonal communication has taught me that my skills a re very poor. I walked in thinking there was nothing I can learn about communication and realized that I know little to nothing about communication. Since starting this class I’ve narrowed the skills I need to work on to the following four which includes listening, being more supportive and active, understandingRead MorePre Lingual Hearing Loss, Or Deafness1420 Words   |  6 PagesPre lingual hearing loss, or deafness — â€Å"that is, severe to profound hearing impairment that prevents infants and young children from acquiring normally the capacity for intelligible speech† — affects tens of thousands of Americans (Murray, 1997). Accordingly, for this population of infants who were born severely or profoundly deaf and young children who became severely or profoundly deaf prior to developing any sort of communication, it is imperative that the child’s appointed professionals andRead More Problems with Education Essay1529 Words   |  7 PagesProbl ems with Education Education is a very important aspect of the lives of all people all over the world. What we learn, not just in the classroom, shapes who we are. We take our education everywhere we go. We use it when talking to our buddies about sports or music, we use it while solving a math problem, we use our education while debating with our family whether or not we should watch TV or go to the movies. Our education is the foundation of who we are, since every decision we makeRead MoreCriticism Of Our Relationships With Others1219 Words   |  5 PagesOne thing that I have observed over the years is everyone truly receives criticism differently. How often do we find ourselves giving out criticism to others and watching them take it offensively when it was only intended to be helpful? Or on the other end, how often do we find ourselves receiving criticism that was meant to benefit us and taking it very personally and being insulted? I find this area of research truly fascinating because the knowledge gained is so beneficial. Learning how to effectively

New Ideas Into Help with Term Papers Never Before Revealed

New Ideas Into Help with Term Papers Never Before Revealed If you don't are writing some sort of comparison essay or about history, all of your sources ought to be new. As a student, you should take note there are lots and a lot of resources for term papers. Hunting for full text articles means you're have the ability to read the full article immediately. Better still, papers should draw on quite a few sources, which normally boils. It's also wise to have a look on run-on sentences. Bear in mind that it might be tricky to begin and complete the expression paper without gaining inspiration from various other writers. The way to the perfect essay is by way of WritePaperFor.Me. Selecting an essay writer on the internet isn't as expensive as some people today say. You may also create a list of potential questions that may come up from your term paper topic and think of methods to answer them. If picking a topic is left up to you, we can offer research paper topic help. You should have a wide understanding of a subject, follow the demands and adhere to the academic manner of writing. One reason that you could be looking for assistance with term papers online is. Things You Should Know About Help with Term Papers Term paper help is a sort of internet research paper that's mostly provided by online research and writing services like for help to. Writing a paper will raise your competence in some specifically appreciable location. Term paper also acts as a tool to check your skills gained from studying. 10 Reasons to Use Custom Essay Writing Service You will get the maximum high quality custom paper that will certainly help you out when you want it. All our writers pass a considerable procedure to look at their abilities. You pay just for the writing process, so the remainder of the services come at no cost. If you are like most other students, you don't have a lot of time for creative writing and conducting an exhaustive research. An option to which mostly students elect for is to take assistance from an internet support. There are different businesses that offer to purchase term papers online, but the majority of them will hardly satisfy your expectations. The manner you could locate a dependable term paper writing service comes in a lot of forms. If you're looking for assistance with term papers then you're in the proper location. There are lots of inexpensive academic term papers written by students of earlier years readily available online it is possible to receive a sample to utilize for referencing purposes. Oftentimes, it is quite a bit more advisable to use term paper writing services. The materials which you will utilize to compose the expression paper will equally be on things which you had researched over quite a while. It had never been so simple to purchase custom term papers. Delivering custom term papers isn't that easy. Finding sources of materials to compose the expression paper will involve unique procedures and will be dependent on the essence of paper you're examining. In the event you would like to amend the paper further, you're qualified for a free revision. Whenever your paper is finished, you will obtain a message. Regardless you're going to get an outstanding paper that is totally original and customized to your requirements. Writing term papers does not need to be a trying activity. It is a fact that the research term paper writing process isn't something easy. A term paper or research paper is mostly a record of intellectual reading in lots of sources on a specific area under discussion. Great term paper writing in addition requires a lot of study.

Management and Career Development

Questions: 1. Feedback notes and development plan? 2. Reflective evaluation of the experience as an assessor and participant in the assessment activity? Answers: 1. Feedback notes and development plan: Going through the assessment activities it is clear that they are framed with sufficient thoughts for assessing the competencies of the participants. The survival activity is an efficient one to assess the persuading ability of the candidates. The candidate assessed shows a high level of communicative ability that assisted her in persuading the team members to take five items as per her suggestion. As asserted by Purce (2014), communicative efficiency facilitates the convincing power of an individual. The candidate here thus depicts a high level of convincing ability. However, the candidate failed in the second activity of solving the logic puzzle miserably. She was unable to solve the puzzle within the stipulated time and came second last of all the students. It highlights the inability of the candidate to analyse the information available, identify the exact problem, and thereby come up with a logical solution. As opined by Okun and Kantrowitz (2014), the ability to solve a problem need the efficiency of recognition, gathering, analyzing and then putting them into use. In this case, the candidate has shown the ability to put the information and resources to optimum use formerly in the earlier activity but she lacks the recognition and analytical skills. Strengths and weaknesses of the participants performance- Strengths Communication skill, presentation skill, team handling skill Weaknesses Analytical skill, decision-making skill, problem-solving skill Suggestions for performance enhancement- Development plan: Areas to improve Strategy Time Review and expected outcome Analytical skill Joining a psychometric performance improvement class 3-6 months Psychometric test Ability to solve analytical problems within minimum time Decision-making skill Handling small projects under experienced supervision with exposure to decision-making situations 4-7 months Critical project submission test Able to complete and submit the project within time Problem solving skill Attending a class and learning the 6-step process of problem solving (DIUGAC). It stands for Defining, Identifying, Understanding, Generating solutions, Analysing and Choosing the correct solution 3-5 months Solving critical problems as puzzles and projects which are obstructed due to some problem Ability to solve the problems faced and complete the assignments Table 1: Development plan (Source: Author) The candidate can go through the mentioned development plan to improve and enhance her areas of weaknesses. Since she lacks the analytical skill majorly, so the maximum time is allocated for the development of her analytical skills, which is vital in a Human Resource profession. The psychometric class can help her to develop this skill aptly within six months (Luke and Hogan, 2013). To develop the decision-making and problem solving skills of the student she needs to follow a strict practice and learning routine. As stated by Ycenur and Demirel (2012), the 6-step problem solving method is very useful to drive the individual towards an appropriate way of solving a problem systematically. Since, the candidate here is efficient in communication she can use this skill to identify the problem. However, her analyzing skill can be improved with more and more experience through exposure to problem-associated projects. 2. Reflective evaluation of the experience as an assessor and participant in the assessment activity: Considering the assessment activity from the view of an assessor, it is clear that the two main activities of survival and logical puzzle are framed to assess the major competencies needed for the job of HR (Human Resource) profession. However, some of the students seem to solve the puzzle and execute the survival activity too easily within much less expected time. The risk assessment of the activities clearly identifies the issue of underdevelopment status. It is probably due to the time limitations in framing them. Bartlett and Ghoshal (2013) conveyed that an HR business partner need to have a sound knowledge of the organization as well as the market. The ability to recognise the talent of the individual (interviewee) and applying relevant tests to assess the candidates skills is of vital significance. At the same time, the capability of solving problems logically and with precision is highly essential to ensure a smooth running of the business processes (Quinn and Strategy, 2013). The current activities are efficient in assessing the convincing ability of the candidate. From the viewpoint of a candidate, it can be said that problem solving capability is not completely assessed through the logical puzzle. There are times when critical situations relating to cultural, ethical and organizational goal achievement comes up that the HR partner needs to resolve (Glover and Butler, 2012). For this, the assessment of the candidates knowledge about culture, ethics and legalities are important. The assessment needs to have one such activity that identifies the level of knowledge that the individual possess regarding these aspects. The designing of the assessment activities in the concerned case seems to consider the overall capabilities avoiding the in-depth skills and talents. According to Ulrich et al. (2012), assessing the in-depth skills and knowledge of a candidate is necessary before recruiting her/him to an influential position. The HR partner is a significant pos ition that deals with the most important resource of an organization, the people. Therefore, a good and efficient knowledge of the legal, socio-cultural and ethical aspects is vital for the HR. The assessment activity needs to assess these qualities in the individual. The participants are seen to score average in the logical puzzle activity while a considerable number of students seem to perform well in the survival activity. Therefore, it is evident that the problem solving, and reasoning ability is lacking among the candidates. As asserted by Aarikka-Stenroos and Jaakkola (2012), the intervention of segmenting the candidates to small groups and assigning them individual projects with artificial problems can prove helpful to develop their potentiality of solving problems. Providing a qualified and experienced trainer or supervisor to guide them through the first 2 projects and then observe their performance in the following projects can assess and evaluate the efficiencies and competency of the candidates in terms of problem solving. It will not only enable them to develop the skill but also help in gaining experience and valuable insights from the trainers. References Aarikka-Stenroos, L., and Jaakkola, E. (2012). Value co-creation in knowledge intensive business services: A dyadic perspective on the joint problem solving process.Industrial Marketing Management,41(1), 15-26. Bartlett, C., and Ghoshal, S. (2013). Building competitive advantage through people.Sloan Mgmt. Rev,43(2). Glover, L., and Butler, P. (2012). Highà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ performance work systems, partnership and the working lives of HR professionals.Human Resource Management Journal,22(2), 199-215. Luke, A., and Hogan, D. (2013). 11 Redesigning what counts as evidence in educational policy.World Yearbook of Education 2006: Education, Research and Policy: Steering the Knowledge-Based Economy, 170. Okun, B., and Kantrowitz, R. (2014).Effective helping: Interviewing and counseling techniques. Cengage Learning. Purce, J. (2014). The impact of corporate strategy on human resource management.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals), 67. Quinn, J. B., and Strategy, E. S. (2013). Strategic outsourcing: leveraging knowledge capabilities.Image,34. Ulrich, D., Younger, J., Brockbank, W., and Ulrich, M. (2012). HR talent and the new HR competencies.Strategic HR Review,11(4), 217-222. Ycenur, G. N., and Demirel, N. . (2012). Group decision making process for insurance company selection problem with extended VIKOR method under fuzzy environment.Expert Systems with Applications,39(3), 3702-3707.

Figure of Speech free essay sample

He was not unfamiliar with the work of Shakespeare. Einstein is not a bad mathematician. 6. Understatement is the representation of something as significantly less than it ctually is; where a polite phrase is used in place of a harsher or more offensive expression. That was some sprinkle. (in reference to the heavy rain which fell an hour before) l have to have this operation. It isnt very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain. 7. Euphemism is the substitution of a cultured or less offensive term for a harsh one. A euphemism is the use of neutral language to remark something that may be offensive to the receiver. Euphemism is often used by people who are diplomatic, and who wish to be politically correct. We have to let you go. Read: Youre fired. Youre well fed. Read: Youre fat. 8. Antithesis is a direct contrast in which two sets if fgures are set in opposition to one another; defined as an opposition or contradiction between two concepts in a statement. We will write a custom essay sample on Figure of Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It rained all night the day I left, the weather it was dry, The sun so hot, I froze to death Youre easy on the eyes, hard on the heart 9. Paradox is a contradictory statement which may appear false, but is in fact true. War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength. 10. Oxymoron uses a contradictory adjective to define an object, situation or event. Loners club. A strippers dressing room. 1 1 . Anaphora is repetition of the same word or words at the beginning or successive clauses, verses, or sentences, He came as conqueror. He came as ally. He came as a stranger. He came as brother. Water, water, every where, Water, water, every where, Nor any drop to drink. 12. Alliteration refers to the repetition of a consonant sound, at least three times in a sentence. It is often used as a figure of speech in poetry, and even advertisements use alliteration in their tag lines to make the ads more memorable. Dont delay dawns disarming display. Dusk demands daylight. Saras seven sisters slept soundly in sand. 13. Assonance is repetition of vowel sounds, most commonly within a short passage of verse. Known narcissists, sipping on arsenic, Carved carcasses in the garage, dont park in it, Hard as finding retarded kids at Harvard, Its Wolf Gang barking keep you up like car alarms. The silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain. 14. Onomatopoeia is used to imitate the sounds made by certain objects or actions. The clatter of utensils. The flutter of birds. 15. Puns refer to the deliberate substitution of similar sounding words to create a humorous effect. I bet the butcher the other day that he couldnt reach the meat that was on the top shelf. He refused to take the bet, saying that the steaks were too high. Santas helpers are subordinate Clauses. 16. Metonymy refers to the use of a phrase regarding an associated concept, in order to describe the actual concept. The editorial page has always believed This refers to the belief of the editors who write the editorial page. He writes a fine hand. It means he has good handwriting. 17. Personification refers to the art of bringing to life an inanimate object, trait, or The picture in that magazine screamed for attention. The carved pumpkin smiled at me. 18. Allusion is casual reference to a famous historical or literary figure or event. .. a turn of phrase even Shakespeare would appreciate. 19. Apostrophe is a direct address of an absent or dead person or personified thing. God help me! Ambition, youre a cruel master! 20. Synecdoche is using a part for the whole or the whole for a part The pen is mightier than the sword They live together in one roof.

Ashes, Ashes, We All Fall Down essays

Ashes, Ashes, We All Fall Down essays I buried with my own hands five of my children in a single grave. No bells. No tears. This is the end of the world. (Deaux, 1969) These are the words of Italian author Agniol di Tura, but they reflect the emotions of an entire nation in the 1300s. It was at that time that Europe was struck by the hardest blow that a plague would ever swing. The Bubonic Plague hit Europe with a ferocity that could never have been predicted. The spread of the Bubonic Plague in the fourteenth century happened quickly as a result of poor living conditions, trade routes and ignorance of the disease. The first reported case of the plague was in 543 when it hit Constantinople. (Hecker, 1992) This was a minor outbreak and there were others similar to it, but since no one knew where it came from and so few were dying from it, no one took the time to find out. But then in 1334, an epidemic struck the northeastern Chinese province of Hopei that people couldnt ignore. It killed up to 90% of the population- around 5,000,000 people. (Armstrong, 1981) This caught peoples attention, but by then it was Sadly, some of the events that aided the rapid spread of the Plague could have been avoided. In 1347, in the southern Ukraine near the Black Sea, the native people began dying of a mysterious disease. They suffered from headaches, weakness, and many staggered when they tried to walk. But most obviously, each carried a common trademark of the plague- they all began to develop large swellings of the lymph nodes in the groin and underarm areas. Fear and anger at the disease gave way to accusation. The natives of the area pointed the blame for their curse at the Italian traders who traveled in and out of their ports. Convinced that they were the reason for their suffering, the natives attacked the ports. After a week of fighting, the natives found their soldiers dying of the diseas...

Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Organized Crime - Essay Example orite areas of organized crime syndicates involve illegal drugs, gun running, and modern human slavery or in human trafficking for prostitution, drug mules, and donor organs. The current event news story discussed in this brief paper appeared in the Wall Street Journal written by Sean Gardiner dated last February 11, 2014 entitled â€Å"Arrests in New York and Italy on Gun, Drug Trafficking.† Criminal organizations find it favorable for their own highly-secretive operations to combine the sale and transport of illegal drugs with running for guns because these two contraband items are closely related; shipping illegal drugs across the international borders required a good arsenal to fight off police authorities after them. In the aforementioned news article, law enforcement authorities finally acted after two years to arrest about two dozen people involved in an international drug-dealing conspiracy. Seven men were arrested in Brooklyn, New York City by agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and another seventeen men were also arrested in Calabria, Italy by Italian National Police agents (Gardiner para. 3). The arrested men are reputedly members of a new crime syndicate, the Italian-American Mafia, patterned after the earlier Sicilian Mafia. Evaluation – criminals engage in illegal activities because of the high profits provided by such type of activities. In the said news article, the arrested men tried to engage in traffic of narcotics combined with money laundering, kidnapping, and extortion. This is an alarming development because organized crime syndicates always try to establish new criminal links to their own group to further their objectives and achieve them much more easily as compared to going it alone. This type of criminal connections present a more difficult task for authorities to monitor because it crosses national boundaries and involve issues of sovereignty. However, a good working relationship with counterparts in other countries

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 44

Economics - Essay Example The other factor to be considered is the supply- demand aspect. The firm should be able to focus majorly on what the market. The market should be able to determine the amount of products being offered. The supply to the market should be in line with the demand in that production increases with an increase in demand and a decrease in demand should reduce the production. This should be done with little interference to the core agenda of profit maximization. While finding equilibrium between the supply and demand factors of production which include labour and capital should be considered as well. The internal factors should integrate well with external factors in ensuring that an informed decision is made. The strategies involved should satisfy the internal market while aiming at benefiting from the diseconomies of scale. A lower cost per unit will be achieved by increasing the size of the firm. The government carry out fiscal policy with an effort of sustaining the economy. The efforts by the government are to ensure increased aggregate demand. The policies by the government include government borrowing. In some instances the government decides in borrowing from the private sector. The result is reduced power to spend by the manufacturing firms as the available funds focuses more on ensuring a balanced in their profit making goals and reduced expenditure. The government on the other hand borrows from the sector to reduce the government deficit. The result of borrowing from the sector is reduces the spending power of the firms. The firm should critically analyse the government decisions to borrow from them as a means of increasing the aggregate demand (Grossman & Hart, 1986). The firm should consider its internal goals before falling victim to government policies. The firms should decide on which policies are to be adopted and which are to be ignored. Adjusting to these pol icies may assist the firm operate at

Earth and Space Reflection

Earth and Space Reflection Reflecting on our class these past few weeks, makes me realize the inadequacies of my scientific knowledge. In order to help students learn science content, teachers must have a firm grasp of the important ideas in the discipline. I fall short of my content knowledge. In part, my lack of science knowledge might be a result of my college degree plan. I took the basic sciences in high school and in college. At the time of my undergraduate degree, elementary teachers had less extensive college coursework in sciences than did my intermediate or high school counterparts. For this reflection, I am challenging myself by choosing TEK 8.8A and 8.8B. These two TEKS reflect new information I have processed from our class discussions and investigations. TEK Breakdown TEK8.8A is a readiness standard and uses the verb describe to communicate to students. The students expectations are to use models for classification of universal components including by not limiting stars, nebulae, and galaxies (Lead 4ward, 2017). Teachers and students might also include planets, Galilean moons, asteroids, meteors, and comets. There are various ways to compare and describe these components of the universe. Some possible comparisons might be relative mass, relative size, orbiting objects that the components orbit, and objects that orbit the component (TEKS Resources, 2016). In this TEK, the students will be exposed to the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for the first time. This model will allow students to examine and investigate the relationship between brightness, surface temperature and color of the stars. TEK 8.8 B is a supporting standard. I chose this TEK because although I thought I had some knowledge of the Sun, I lacked important knowledge and understanding to convey to students. The verb recognize will communicate that students expectations are to identify the Sun but also include recognizable attributes such as a medium sized star, near the edge of a disc-shaped galaxy, and many thousand miles closer to the Earth than any other star (Lead 4ward, 2017). Future Learning/Past Learning Eight grade students were exposed to TEK 6.11A during sixth grade with an introduction to the physical properties, locations, and movements of the components of our solar system. Students also had TEK 7.9A in seventh grade. In seventh grade students analyzed the characteristics of objects in our solar system that allowed life to exist such as the proximity of the Sun, presence of water, and composition of the atmosphere (Lead 4ward, 2017). Both TEKS helps eight graders to better comprehend the present school year science TEK 8.8A. However, students leaving eighth grade should know the universe is comprised of billions of galaxies. Each of these galaxies are comprised of billions of stars. Although these galaxies seem nothing more than fuzzy, dim spots seen through the lens of our eyes, they exist (TEKS Resource, 2016). Students should also comprehend that some of these galaxies are so remote that their light takes several billion years to reach the Earth. The understanding that peopl e on Earth see these galaxies as they existed long ago. Types of Instruction Students should be allowed to work in small group of 3-5 participants. This allows a safe learning environment for reflection, reasoning, discussions, and explaining. A graffiti writing wall could be established at the beginning of the content study. Each day students could add new evidence of learning, and use this wall as a reference for reviewing information. Eighth grade students have many challenging vocabulary words. Therefore, instruction is a must. Some words to consider; Universe, stars, nebulae, galaxies, Hertzsprung Russell, (HR) diagram, asteroid belt, nuclear fusion, blue giant, main sequence, luminosity, super nova, milky way, spiral, elliptical, irregular, telescope, big band theory, Hubble, etc. These words could be incorporated in a journal. Student could generate definitions and picture sketches. Also, vocabulary card sorts could be created to reinforce vocabulary acquisition. Using a PowerPoint along with realia pictures of the universe should be shown with information pertaining to the content. PowerPoints provide great note taking opportunities for students. Students could research information such as definitions of components of the universe (stars, nebulae, galaxies) and recognize and explain the types of galaxies. This type of information could be integrated into a group PowerPoint to present to the classmates. Using Discovery Education for videos on space, the universe, and the night sky will assist students in making connections with the content. Using provoking questions throughout the days of study would provide great student discussions about video information and content learning. A few questions to consider might be; What can observing stars tell us? or When we look into the night sky we are actually looking in the past. How do we explain that? Sentence stems should be used to assist students with their thinking and writing. Graphic organizers could be used for taking notes from the videos. Scaffold Instruction Differentiation for all whether ELLs, special education, or regular education students should be identified and specific. The incorporation of additional resources and teaching tools must be considered. One idea to be considered would be pacing. Slowing down a lesson may take longer to teach, but the end product is greater quality and the experience for the learner is much more rewarding. In small groups, reviewing standards should always be considered and individualized intervention as well. All students but especially our ELLs, should receive sheltered instructional strategies. Students should have the opportunity to incorporate their prior knowledge before beginning any lesson. Prior knowledge sets the foundation for new ideas and concepts. Pre-teaching vocabulary and using visual aids sets the students up for success. Throughout the lesson, teachers should always pause, ask questions, pause for responses, and finally a review of information. These scaffolding practices assures st udents achievement. Personal Growth When we started this unit of study I had many questions about the origin of the universe and the age of the earth. I had many questions about the components of space. As we studied these topics, I was reminded that the questions that scientists ask must be testable. Scientists have provided answers to testable questions that have helped us calculate the age of the universe, the distance of certain stars, and how fast they are receding from us. Whether we can get a definitive answer, we can be confident in the process by which the explanations were developed. These explanations allow us to rely on the knowledge that is produced through the process of science. Ive come to understand that many of these scientific questions can be answered by science investigations and calculations. Reference Texas Education Agency, Lead 4ward, (2017). Process standards. Retrieved from http://lead4ward.com/docs/resources/snapshots/science/teks_snapshot_science_gr_08.pdf Texas Education Agency, Lead 4ward, (2017). Resources. Retrieved from http://lead4ward.com/resources/ Texas Management Curriculum Management Cooperative, TEKS Resources, (2016). Retrievedfrom http://www.teksresourcesystem.net/module/content/search/item/2057/viewdetail.shx

Analysis of Neil Perry :: essay papers

Analysis of Neil Perry "Carpe diem boys, seize the day!" Robin Williams' character exclaims in the film "Dead Poets Society". Williams portrays passionate English professor John Keating, whose lessons go far beyond the classroom. Keating teaches his students to follow their own hearts and minds instead of the conformist ideals taught at their strict boarding school. Several of Keating's students take his lessons to heart and resurrect the Dead Poets Society, a secret club that meets late at night to read and discuss poetry. "Carpe Diem", the theme of the movie, soon becomes a popular maxim on campus, and the students start applying it to their every day lives. Charlie changes his name to Nuwanda and risks expulsion repeatedly. Knox finds the girl of his dreams and tries to woo for from her boyfriend. Todd is extremely shy, but tries to come out of his shell. Then there is Neil, who decides to play the part of Puck in "A Midsummer Night's Dream"-against the wishes of his father, who ta! kes this theme to heart and the effect it had on his life ultimately cost him his life. Neil is a non-conformist. He does not want anything to do with the plans his father has set forth for him, which is to become a doctor. Instead, Neil wants to be his own person and wants to do what he wants. Reluctantly, though, he follows his father's wishes. He is afraid to stand up to his father and take control of his own life. For example, Neil quits the school annual, something Neil wanted to do just because his father told him so. As the movie goes on, Neil starts to take control of his life, with the help of his English professor John Keating, who imbeds the phrase "Carpe Diem" into the minds of his students. Neil decides to audition for the play "A Midsummer Night's Dream". Neil receives the part as Puck, one of the main characters. Neil finally feels he is taking control of his own life. He decides he wants to be an actor. A day before the play was to open, Neil's father comes to visit him. Mr. Perry tells Neil to quit the play and concentrate on his studies. Neil tries to talk to his father but with no avail. Neil does the play any way, but is caught by hid father, to tell Neil he is off to military school. Neil fed up with his father controlling his life, commits Analysis of Neil Perry :: essay papers Analysis of Neil Perry "Carpe diem boys, seize the day!" Robin Williams' character exclaims in the film "Dead Poets Society". Williams portrays passionate English professor John Keating, whose lessons go far beyond the classroom. Keating teaches his students to follow their own hearts and minds instead of the conformist ideals taught at their strict boarding school. Several of Keating's students take his lessons to heart and resurrect the Dead Poets Society, a secret club that meets late at night to read and discuss poetry. "Carpe Diem", the theme of the movie, soon becomes a popular maxim on campus, and the students start applying it to their every day lives. Charlie changes his name to Nuwanda and risks expulsion repeatedly. Knox finds the girl of his dreams and tries to woo for from her boyfriend. Todd is extremely shy, but tries to come out of his shell. Then there is Neil, who decides to play the part of Puck in "A Midsummer Night's Dream"-against the wishes of his father, who ta! kes this theme to heart and the effect it had on his life ultimately cost him his life. Neil is a non-conformist. He does not want anything to do with the plans his father has set forth for him, which is to become a doctor. Instead, Neil wants to be his own person and wants to do what he wants. Reluctantly, though, he follows his father's wishes. He is afraid to stand up to his father and take control of his own life. For example, Neil quits the school annual, something Neil wanted to do just because his father told him so. As the movie goes on, Neil starts to take control of his life, with the help of his English professor John Keating, who imbeds the phrase "Carpe Diem" into the minds of his students. Neil decides to audition for the play "A Midsummer Night's Dream". Neil receives the part as Puck, one of the main characters. Neil finally feels he is taking control of his own life. He decides he wants to be an actor. A day before the play was to open, Neil's father comes to visit him. Mr. Perry tells Neil to quit the play and concentrate on his studies. Neil tries to talk to his father but with no avail. Neil does the play any way, but is caught by hid father, to tell Neil he is off to military school. Neil fed up with his father controlling his life, commits

A poetic form for philosophical contemplation Essay

‘The Ode is used as a poetic form for philosophical contemplation. ’ Compare two odes by Keats in the light of this observation Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode to a Nightingale were written in May 1819, a time in Keats’ life which he devoted entirely to poetry. Both of these poems contemplate the poet’s approaching death, using stimuli of what is on the face of a Grecian vase and the song of a nightingale. There are differences and similarities between the two poems, and both will be looked at in the essay. Both of the above poems are odes. An ode is a form of poetry about emotion. First used by the Romans and Greeks, the form was revived in England in the 17th century. The form was popular among the English Romantic poets. A typical verse of an ode consists of a quatrain with a rhyme structure of ABAB and a sestet with a rhyme structure of CDECDE. However, Keats tended to be more liberal with his rhyme structures in his odes. Keats was born in 1795 and was the last born of the English romantic poets He became interested in poetry through his secondary school headmaster, who introduced him to Renaissance poetry and so the ode. Both of his parents died before he turned fifteen, so he became familiar with loss at an early age. His most famous sets of poems were his odes and these were written as Keats’ tuberculosis worsened in 1819. He died in 1821. There are two main themes in Keats’ odes: beauty and death. It is obvious beauty is looked at intently in Ode on a Grecian Urn, as the urn seems to tell the poet in the second to last line: ‘â€Å"Beauty is truth, truth beauty,†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Keats firstly tries to tell the reader what the urn’s figures think of beauty. They see happiness in beauty, as they are in ‘wild ecstasy’ to be with ‘fair’ women and listen to ‘pipes and timbrels’. Because they will be youthful forever, Keats tells them this is ‘all ye need to know’, as ignorance is bliss. Beauty is also looked at in Ode to a Nightingale The nightingale is similar to the urn’s individuals, because it is able is to ‘quite forget’ the horror of old age and can forever fly free above ‘hungry generations’ of people. Unlike the Urn, its ‘plaintive anthem fades’ without actually helping the author in any way.

Battle of Pea Ridge in the Civil War

The Battle of Pea Ridge was fought March 7 to 8, 1862, and was an early engagement of the American Civil War (1861 to 1865). Armies Commanders Union Brigadier General Samuel R. Curtis10,500 men Confederate Major General Earl Van Dorn16,000 men Background In the wake of the disaster at Wilsons Creek in August 1861, Union forces in Missouri were reorganized into the Army of the Southwest. Numbering around 10,500, this command was given to Brigadier General Samuel R. Curtis with orders to push the Confederates out of the state. Despite their victory, the Confederates also altered their command structure as Major General Sterling Price and Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch had shown an unwillingness to cooperate. To keep the peace, Major General Earl Van Dorn was given command of the Military District of the Trans-Mississippi and oversight of the Army of the West. Pressing south into northwest Arkansas in early 1862, Curtis established his army in a strong position facing south along Little Sugar Creek. Expecting a Confederate attack from that direction, his men began emplacing artillery and fortifying their position. Moving north with 16,000 men, Van Dorn hoped to destroy Curtis force and open the way to capture St. Louis. Eager to destroy outlying Union garrisons near Curtis base at Little Sugar Creek, Van Dorn led his men on a three-day forced march through severe winter weather. Moving to Attack Reaching Bentonville, they failed to capture a Union force under Brigadier General Franz Sigel on March 6. Though his men were exhausted and he had outrun his supply train, Van Dorn began formulating an ambitious plan to assault Curtis army. Dividing his army in two, Van Dorn intended to march north of the Union position and strike Curtis from the rear on March 7. Van Dorn planned to lead one column east along a road known as the Bentonville Detour which ran along the north edge of Pea Ridge. After clearing the ridge they would turn south along the Telegraph Road and occupy the area around Elkhorn Tavern. McCullochs Defeat The other column, led by McCulloch, was to skirt the western edge of Pea Ridge then turn east to join with Van Dorn and Price at the tavern. Reunited, the combined Confederate force would attack south to strike at the rear of the Union lines along Little Sugar Creek. While Curtis did not anticipate this type of envelopment, he did take the precaution of having trees felled across the Bentonville Detour. Delays slowed both Confederate columns and by dawn, Union scouts had detected both threats. Though still believing that Van Dorns main body was to the south, Curtis began shifting troops to block the threats. Due to the delays, Van Dorn issued instructions for McCulloch to reach Elkhorn by taking the Ford Road from Twelve Corner Church. As McCullochs men marched along the road, they encountered Union troops near the village of Leetown. Dispatched by Curtis, this was a mixed infantry-cavalry force led by Colonel Peter J. Osterhaus. Though badly outnumbered, the Union troops immediately attacked around 11:30 AM. Wheeling his men south, McCulloch counterattacked and pushed Osterhaus men back through a belt of timber. Reconnoitering the enemy lines, McCulloch encountered a group of Union skirmishers and was killed. As confusion began to reign in the Confederate lines, McCullochs second-in-command, Brigadier General James McIntosh, led a charge forward and was also killed. Unaware that he was now the senior officer on the field, Colonel Louis HÃ ©bert attacked the Confederate left, while the regiments on the right remained in place awaiting orders. This assault was halted by the timely arrival of a Union division under Colonel Jefferson C. Davis. Though outnumbered, they turned the tables on the Southerners and captured HÃ ©bert later in the afternoon. With confusion in the ranks, Brigadier General Albert Pike assumed command around 3:00 (shortly before HÃ ©berts capture) and led those troops near him in a retreat north. Several hours later, with Colonel Elkanah Greer in command, many of these troops joined the rest of the army at Cross Timber Hollow near Elkhorn Tavern. On the other side of the battlefield, fighting began around 9:30 when the lead elements of Van Dorns column encountered Union infantry in Cross Timber Hollow. Sent north by Curtis, Colonel Grenville Dodges brigade of Colonel Eugene Carrs 4th Division soon moved into a blocking position. Van Dorn Held Rather than pressing forward and overwhelming Dodges small command, Van Dorn and Price paused to fully deploy their troops. Over the next several hours, Dodge was able to hold his position and was reinforced at 12:30 by Colonel William Vandevers brigade. Ordered forward by Carr, Vandevers men attacked the Confederate lines but were forced back. As the afternoon wore on, Curtis continued to funnel units into the battle near Elkhorn, but Union troops were slowly pushed back. At 4:30, the Union position began to collapse and Carrs men retreated back past the tavern to Ruddicks Field about a quarter-mile to the south. Reinforcing this line, Curtis ordered a counterattack but it was halted due to darkness. As both sides endured a cold night, Curtis busily shifted the bulk of his army to the Elkhorn line and had his men resupplied. Reinforced by the remnants of McCullochs division, Van Dorn prepared to renew the assault in the morning. Early in the morning, Brigadier Franz Sigel, Curtis second-in-command, instructed Osterhaus to survey the farmland to the west of Elkhorn. In doing do, the colonel located a knoll from which Union artillery could strike the Confederate lines. Quickly moving 21 guns to the hill, Union gunners opened fire after 8:00 AM and drove back their Confederate counterparts before shifting their fire to the Southern infantry. As Union troops moved into attack positions around 9:30, Van Dorn was horrified to learn that his supply train and reserve artillery was six hours away due to a mistaken order. Realizing he could not win, Van Dorn began retreating east along the Huntsville Road. At 10:30, with the Confederates beginning to leave the field, Sigel led the Union left forward. Driving the Confederates back, they retook the area near the tavern around noon. With the last of the enemy retreating, the battle came to an end. Aftermath The Battle of Pea Ridge cost the Confederates approximately 2,000 casualties, while the Union suffered 203 killed, 980 wounded, and 201 missing. The victory effectively secured Missouri for the Union cause and ended the Confederate threat to the state. Pressing on, Curtis succeeded in taking Helena, AR in July. The Battle of Pea Ridge was one of the few battles where Confederate troops possessed a significant numerical advantage over the Union. Selected Sources CWSAC Battle Summaries: Battle of Pea RidgePea Ridge National Military ParkBattle of Pea Ridge Maps